剃光頭上場、上遍八卦娛樂媒體!從《貝克漢》紀錄片,看這位足球金童如何改變現今的名人文化?

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PARIS FRANCE  JANUARY 20 David Beckham is seen outside Dior during the Paris Fashion Week  Menswear Fall Winter 2023...

PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 20: David Beckham is seen outside Dior, during the Paris Fashion Week - Menswear Fall Winter 2023 2024 : Day Four on January 20, 2023 in Paris, France. (Photo by Edward Berthelot/Getty Images)Edward Berthelot/Getty Images


日前於 Netflix 上線的《貝克漢》(Beckham)紀錄片影集,講述了我們熟知的這位「足球明星」整個球員生涯的發展與成就:從他與曼聯的歷史性三冠王、擔任英格蘭隊長帶領國家隊取得世界杯資格,再到於皇家馬德里、洛杉磯銀河隊取得的勝利,貝克漢毫無疑問地擁有相當傑出的足球生涯。然後,此紀錄片更引人入勝的地方在於,同時擁有「國際巨星」名人地位的他,在個人成長與心理發展上有著什麼樣的影響,他是怎麼透過足球員 (Footballer) 與名人 (Celebrity) 的雙重身份,影響了現今的名人文化?


Carson UNITED STATES British soccer sensation David Beckham arrives on the Los Angeles Galaxy football pitch at Home...

Carson, UNITED STATES: British soccer sensation David Beckham arrives on the Los Angeles Galaxy football pitch at Home Depot Center in Carson, California, 13 July 2007, for his official presentation ceremony. Los Angeles was crackling with anticipation as Beckham prepared to kick off a new phase of his career in the United States. The 32-year-old sporting icon arrived in Los Angeles late 12 July with pop-star wife Victoria and the couple's three children to be greeted by a blizzard of paparazzi camera flashes worthy of a fashion show. AFP PHOTO / ROBYN BECK (Photo credit should read ROBYN BECK/AFP via Getty Images)ROBYN BECK/Getty Images


足球員與名人的身份轉換


非常直白地,從紀錄片一開始就可以看出,貝克漢天生喜歡名聲:他喜歡汽車,喜歡時尚,喜歡把賺來的錢用力花掉 (尤其是年輕的時候),同時,他也有個叛逆的靈魂。


22 May 2001  David Beckham of England sporting his new hair cut during training ahead of the friendly game against...

22 May 2001: David Beckham of England sporting his new hair cut during training ahead of the friendly game against Mexico at Pride Park in Derby. Digital Image. Mandatory Credit: Laurence Griffiths/ALLSPORTLaurence Griffiths


在紀錄片的第兩集可以看到,貝克漢為了抗議刁難他的教練——地位崇高的亞歷克斯·弗格森爵士,他將頭髮剃成光頭 (skinhead 光頭在英國是叛逆的象徵),並在賽前拒絕教練將帽子拿下,直到上場時才揭露自己的新造型。種種特質再加上俊帥的臉龐,彷彿註定了他將成為各家媒體爭相追逐報導的對象,而在與辣妹合唱團的「高貴辣妹」維多莉亞(Victoria Beckham)交往與結婚後,更是以「搖滾巨星」的姿態讓他一舉成為全世界都關注的國際名人。


LOS ANGELES  MAY 31    David and Victoria Beckham attend The 2003 MTV Movie Awards held at the Shrine Auditorium on May...

LOS ANGELES - MAY 31: (FILE PHOTO) David and Victoria Beckham attend The 2003 MTV Movie Awards held at the Shrine Auditorium on May 31, 2003 in Los Angeles, California. David Beckham and former PA Rebecca Loos are under scrutiny for an alleged affair, reported by the News Of The World this weekend. (Photo by Kevin Winter/Getty Images)Kevin Winter/Getty Images


貝克漢與媒體的關係


然而,媒體的高度關注對於貝克漢來說,對於造成他的心理壓力,以至於球場上的表現肯定是有影響的,如他在 1998 年的世界盃比賽中,因為失控的踢人動作領到紅牌被罰下場,導致英格蘭輸掉了晉級 8 強的機會,當時失望難過的英國球迷加上媒體每天渲染式的頭條報導,讓他幾乎成為全英國最被最被憎恨的罪人。


30 June 1998 SaintEtienne FIFA World Cup  Argentina v England  Match Referee Kim Milton Nielsen shows David Beckham of...

30 June 1998, Saint-Etienne, FIFA World Cup - Argentina v England - Match Referee, Kim Milton Nielsen shows David Beckham of England a red card. (Photo by Mark Leech/Offside via Getty Images)Mark Leech/Offside/Getty Images


或許是從小經歷父親嚴格的訓練,讓他在遇到挫折時決不輕易放棄,貝克漢慢慢地透過場上的表現重新贏回球迷們的支持,最終還當上了英格蘭國家隊的隊長,向球迷與媒體證明,他不只是風靡全球的足球美男,更是心志強硬的好球員,只要站上了球場,他就可以不斷地施展出他為人津津樂道的傳球視野與刁鑽的射門角度。如果說長得帥氣、風格態度、以及與知名歌手結婚是貝克漢爆紅的原因,那相信他在球場上穩定的表現更是他可以持續走紅的關鍵。


EINDHOVEN NETHERLANDS  JUNE 12  EM EURO 2000 Eindhoven PORTUGAL  ENGLAND  32 David BECKHAMENG vor dem Spiel

EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS - JUNE 12: EM EURO 2000 Eindhoven; PORTUGAL - ENGLAND (POR - ENG) 3:2; David BECKHAM/ENG vor dem Spiel (Photo by Sandra Behne/Bongarts/Getty Images)Sandra Behne/Getty Images


成為時尚指摽就是名人文化的一部分


名人文化是名人私生活在全球範圍內的大眾傳播。當人們對名人感興趣並願意改變自己的生活以參與他們的生活時,這種 「文化」就產生了。


UNITED KINGDOM  SEPTEMBER 20  Victoria Adams  David Beckham Backstage After Whitney Houston Concert At Wembley Arena London

UNITED KINGDOM - SEPTEMBER 20: Victoria Adams & David Beckham, Backstage After Whitney Houston Concert, At Wembley Arena, London (Photo by Dave Benett/Getty Images)Dave Benett/Getty Images


如同前文提及,貝克漢是一位相當喜歡展現自我風格的人,就像註定會成為引領潮流的時尚指標一樣,他曾在 1998 年法國世界杯期間,穿著一條黑白相間的沙龍(sarong)裙,搭配他經常打扮的背心+涼鞋造型,由於時代背景的不同,這個造型在當時震驚了各大媒體,因為是女裝的關係,甚至有人稱他為跨性別者,而如今,男女裝的區隔早就已經模糊,中性的風格甚至成為市場上的主流,文化的演變從名人的大膽展示自我,漸漸影響到大眾,穿搭風格獨特的貝克漢是如此,強調獨立精神態度的辣妹合唱團亦是如此。


David Beckham and Victoria Beckham at Virgin Megastore in London August 1 2000

David Beckham and Victoria Beckham at Virgin Megastore in London, August 1, 2000 (Photo by Fred Duval/FilmMagic)Fred Duval


紀錄片中另外一個有趣的片段是,兩位長年追蹤貝克漢夫婦的狗仔隊,因為必須學習他們在公開場合上穿搭配戴的是什麼商品,迫使他們也成為了時尚專家,學會了各種品牌的名稱。


NEW YORK  MAY 05  Singer Victoria Beckham  and soccer player David Beckham arrive at their midtown Manhattan hotel after...

NEW YORK - MAY 05: Singer Victoria Beckham (L) and soccer player David Beckham arrive at their midtown Manhattan hotel after attending the "Superheroes : Fashion and Fantasy" Art Costume Institute Gala on May 05, 2008 in New York City. (Photo by Ray Tamarra/Getty Images)Ray Tamarra/Getty Images


「貝克漢」就是一個國際品牌


貝克漢可能不是史上最偉大的足球員,但絕對是搭起足球與時尚橋樑的第一人,來自英國《足球經濟學》的合著者斯蒂芬希曼斯基 (Stefan Szymanski) 曾經分析,「貝克漢就是足球加性;這是世界上最有賣點的兩樣東西,不是嗎?」希曼斯基表示,「如果貝克漢是一個品牌,他向異性戀男性販售的是運動或者足球,向女性和同性戀男性販售的則是性。他在這方面做得特別好。我想,他大概是足球史上最英俊的運動員。他是足球界的瑪麗蓮·夢露 (Marilyn Monroe),每個人都想接近他。」


PARIS FRANCE  JANUARY 20 David Beckham is seen outside Dior during the Paris Fashion Week  Menswear Fall Winter 2023...

PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 20: David Beckham is seen outside Dior, during the Paris Fashion Week - Menswear Fall Winter 2023 2024 : Day Four on January 20, 2023 in Paris, France. (Photo by Edward Berthelot/Getty Images)Edward Berthelot/Getty Images


如今,僅管貝克漢已從足球場上退休,他依舊還是各大媒體的頭號關注巨星,加上他的孩子們也各個長大成人,擁有自己的風格與話題,貝克漢這個名字,相信會持續讓我們談論好幾個世代,並且在文化上帶來重要的影響。







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